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Long Covid/Treatments/Cannabis
Cannabis
Pharmacological

Cannabis

What is it: A regulated cannabis-based therapy with precise cannabinoid dosingAKA: CBD (Cannabidiol), Marijuana, Medical Cannabis, Medical Marijuana, THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)
Researched
Quantity and depth of existing academic research
  1. ⬤ Minimal research: Very little scientific study exists, with no or very few peer-reviewed studies. Insufficient data for conclusions.
  2. ⬤⬤ Limited research: Few studies exist, mostly small trials or case reports. Findings are preliminary and lack strong validation.
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Moderately researched: Multiple studies, including mid-sized trials, exist. Some findings are replicated, but more research is needed.
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Well-researched: Supported by substantial evidence, including at least one large trial or meta-analysis.
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ Extensively studied: Numerous large studies and meta-analyses exist. Findings are widely accepted with strong scientific consensus.
 
Ease of access
How easy it is for the average patient to access this treatment
  1. ⬤ Extremely Difficult to Access: Rare, experimental, or highly specialized. Requires multiple referrals, long wait times, travel, and strict follow-up.
  2. ⬤⬤ Difficult to Access: Limited to select centers with moderate barriers. Requires referral, potential travel, and wait times of weeks to months.
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Moderately Accessible: Available in larger hospitals or clinics. Requires a basic referral, with moderate wait times and some coordination.
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Easy to Access: Widely available in most clinics. Minimal referral, short wait times, and simple preparation or follow-up.
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ Trivial to Access: Easily found in pharmacies or clinics. No referral needed, minimal wait, and straightforward access.
 
Cost
How much in USD does it approximately cost for a patient to see the benefits of this treatment.
  1. ⬤ Up to $100
  2. ⬤⬤ Up to $500
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Up to $2000
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Up to $10,000
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ More than $10,000
 
Reported effectiveness
The average perceived effectiveness of the treatment amongst the patient views found for this page.

To calculate the reported effectiveness for a patient view, the model first analyses whether it can be ascertained that the person writing the review has had direct experience of the treatment for themselves or a loved one. If so, it then uses sentiment analysis to rate their view from 1-5 on how effective this treatment was for them, with 1 being the least effective, and 5 the most effective.

 
Best suited for: Fatigue-affected patients; Patients with sleep disturbances; Chronic pain sufferers; Individuals with anxiety
last updatedTue, 07 Oct 2025
curated byTurnto community

6 Research papers

Referenced in this guide

39 Patient views

Contributed in this guide

Figure out what Cannabis means for you

Page contents

Basics: What you need to know

Medical Cannabis (Cannabinoid Therapy) is a regulated approach using standardized cannabis-derived products with specific amounts of active cannabinoids such as CBD and THC. It is prescribed under clinical oversight to manage symptoms in chronic conditions, including off-label efforts for Long COVID. Individuals who experience persistent inflammation, pain, or fatigue sometimes explore this therapy under guidance from a healthcare provider. While some evidence points to potential benefits in pain relief and regulation of inflammation, research remains preliminary. Proper dosing and professional monitoring are key to reducing side effects and customizing treatment. However, it is not FDA-approved specifically for Long COVID, and its off-label use warrants cautious consideration.

History and development

  • Ancient use: Historical records show cannabis used medicinally for centuries in diverse cultures.
  • Isolation of THC: In 1964, Dr. Raphael Mechoulam and colleagues identified THC, enabling targeted research on cannabis compounds.
  • Evolving regulations: Modern medical cannabis programs emerged in the late 20th century, fostering standardized cultivation, product testing, and physician-supervised prescribing.
  • Refined formulations: Advancements in extraction and testing techniques led to more reliable ratios of CBD to THC, supporting tailored treatments.

What is known

  • Potential anti-inflammatory: CBD may help regulate immune responses tied to lingering inflammation from Long COVID.
  • Pain relief: THC can modulate pain pathways, possibly mitigating chronic pain symptoms.
  • Controlled dosing: Regulated cannabis ensures precise cannabinoid levels, aiming for consistent efficacy and safety.
  • Secondary effects: Some users report improved sleep and reduced anxiety, which can indirectly support recovery.
  • Monitoring needed: Medical professionals typically adjust THC/CBD ratios to reduce psychoactive side effects and avoid exacerbating fatigue.
  • Variability in response: Effects differ widely among individuals, highlighting the importance of personalized treatment.

What is not known

  • Long-term impact: Extended outcomes of cannabis use in Long COVID patients are understudied.
  • Definitive efficacy: No large-scale clinical trials confirm its effectiveness for lingering COVID symptoms.
  • Exact mechanisms: The ways in which cannabinoids specifically help post-viral syndrome remain unclear.
  • Dosing standards: Optimal THC/CBD ratios and schedules for Long COVID management are not established.
  • Potential interactions: How cannabis interacts with standard Long COVID interventions or other medications is not fully explored.
  • Endocannabinoid modulation: Cannabinoids engage the body’s endocannabinoid system to influence pain, stress, and immune responses.
  • Customized cannabinoid ratios: Specific CBD/THC formulations aim to address varied symptoms like pain or fatigue.
  • Therapeutic synergy: Multiple cannabis compounds may work together for enhanced benefits.
  • Clinical oversight: Regular monitoring helps refine dosing for safety and effect.
  • Cognitive changes: Possible reduced concentration or mild confusion in some users.
  • Anxiety risk: High-THC formulations might intensify anxiety or paranoia.
  • Physical symptoms: Dizziness, dry mouth, or increased fatigue are often reported.
  • Drug interactions: Combining cannabis with other medications warrants careful medical guidance.
  • Limited research: Insufficient large-scale data fuels debate about efficacy.
  • Social stigma: Cannabis-related opinions vary, impacting willingness to consider it.
  • Regulatory barriers: Access and prescribing rules differ significantly across regions.

Patient views

Experiences

  • Patients appreciate cannabis for reducing inflammation, pain, and anxiety.
  • Many find it improves sleep quality and helps with insomnia.
  • It can boost appetite and ease nausea, aiding overall comfort.
  • Some report better energy levels and reduced brain fog.

Challenges

  • THC can worsen brain fog and sleep quality for some.
  • Increased heart rate and paranoia are common side effects.
  • Long-term use may lead to tolerance or dependency concerns.
  • Smoking cannabis can irritate lungs and worsen respiratory symptoms.

Tips

  • Start with low doses, especially for THC, to avoid side effects.
  • Experiment with different ratios of CBD to THC for tailored relief.
  • Use edibles or tinctures for controlled dosing and less lung irritation.
  • Combine cannabis with pacing and other therapies for best results.
Reported effectiveness
The average perceived effectiveness of the treatment amongst the patient views found for this page.

To calculate the reported effectiveness for a patient view, the model first analyses whether it can be ascertained that the person writing the review has had direct experience of the treatment for themselves or a loved one. If so, it then uses sentiment analysis to rate their view from 1-5 on how effective this treatment was for them, with 1 being the least effective, and 5 the most effective.

 

Sorted by relevancy

Patient view

I have found it very helpful in almost all aspects of ME. The trick, I found, was to not get high. I first noticed the effect when I was younger and a smoker. I didn't enjoy the feeling of being high, but after 30-40 min or so, the high would recede and I would feel generally better in the following ways: • Less inflammation • Clear thinking (no brain fog) • More energetic • Less ache and pain • No pressure in head

I could go on. I suspect it's the immunosuppressant activity, but can't be sure. I got my doctor to prescribe a synthetic oral analogue of THC and found it to be extremely helpful. It had the added benefit of not really giving a high. Similar to eating marijuana rather than smoking it. I would honestly recommend talking to your doctor about Nabilone (Cesamet) or Dronabinol (Marinol). After 30 years with this disease, this is the only therapy of significant all-round benefit for me.

August +42113 • Phoenix Rising Forum

Patient view

Seems like I may be an outlier here, but for me THC is good for energy/masking symptoms, but the next 1-2 days I feel much worse than if I had skipped it. Not worth it for me. CBD I’m neutral on, but for me THC seem harmful.

September 2024 • /r/LongCovid

Read all (39)

What and who it targets

Best suited for

Fatigue-affected patients

May improve energy and reduce fatigue.

Patients with sleep disturbances

Promotes relaxation and better sleep.

Chronic pain sufferers

Effective for pain modulation and relief.

Individuals with anxiety

Reduces stress and anxiety symptoms.


Relevant research

How much evidence on this?

  • Few studies directly address cannabis for Long Covid.
  • Research spans 2021–2024, mostly exploratory.
  • Small sample sizes and feasibility trials dominate.
  • Limited randomized controlled trials available.

Research focusing on

  • CBD shows promise for fatigue and malaise.
  • Post-treatment care lacks standardized guidelines.
  • Techniques vary: CBD oil vs.
  • combined extracts.
  • Researchers exploring endocannabinoid system roles.

What needs more research?

  • Long-term safety of cannabis for Long Covid.
  • Optimal dosage and treatment duration unclear.
  • Mechanisms of symptom relief not fully understood.
  • Effects on diverse Long Covid symptoms unverified.
Level of research
Quantity and depth of existing academic research
  1. ⬤ Minimal research: Very little scientific study exists, with no or very few peer-reviewed studies. Insufficient data for conclusions.
  2. ⬤⬤ Limited research: Few studies exist, mostly small trials or case reports. Findings are preliminary and lack strong validation.
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Moderately researched: Multiple studies, including mid-sized trials, exist. Some findings are replicated, but more research is needed.
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Well-researched: Supported by substantial evidence, including at least one large trial or meta-analysis.
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ Extensively studied: Numerous large studies and meta-analyses exist. Findings are widely accepted with strong scientific consensus.
 

Sorted by relevancy

Research

This study explored the safety and tolerability of a CBD-dominant cannabis-based medicinal product for treating long COVID symptoms. It involved 12 participants who used MediCabilis 5% CBD Oil daily for 21 weeks, followed by a 3-week period without the drug, with data collected through self-reports and wearable technology.

The study found that the CBD product was safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported. However, the research design had limitations, particularly in recruitment strategy, and the study lacked a control group, which limits conclusions about the treatment's effectiveness.

For individuals with long COVID, this study suggests that CBD-based treatments might be safe to use and could be worth exploring further. However, it does not provide strong evidence of effectiveness, so patients should consult healthcare providers before considering this option.

This was a small-scale clinical trial published in a reputable journal, but its lack of a control group and small sample size limit the reliability of its findings. Larger, more rigorous studies are needed to confirm the results.

December 2023 • British journal of clinical pharmacology

Research

This study explored the effects of a combined plant extract (CPE) formulation, which included Cannabis sativa among other plants, on individuals with long COVID. It was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial conducted in Thailand, where participants received either the CPE supplement or a placebo for 7 days.

The study found that while the CPE supplement did not significantly reduce inflammation markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), it did lower the total symptom score and reduced moderate to severe symptoms such as fatigue and post-exertional malaise (PEM). Health-related quality of life scores did not show significant differences, and adverse events were mild and resolved quickly.

For individuals with long COVID, this study suggests that the CPE supplement, including Cannabis sativa, may help alleviate certain severe symptoms like fatigue and PEM. However, it does not appear to improve overall inflammation or quality of life significantly.

This study is fairly reliable as it is a randomized controlled trial, which is considered a high standard in clinical research. However, the small sample size and the need for validation of the symptom questionnaire limit its generalizability.

November 2024 • Complementary therapies in medicine


Accessibility

Ease of access
How easy it is for the average patient to access this treatment
  1. ⬤ Extremely Difficult to Access: Rare, experimental, or highly specialized. Requires multiple referrals, long wait times, travel, and strict follow-up.
  2. ⬤⬤ Difficult to Access: Limited to select centers with moderate barriers. Requires referral, potential travel, and wait times of weeks to months.
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Moderately Accessible: Available in larger hospitals or clinics. Requires a basic referral, with moderate wait times and some coordination.
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Easy to Access: Widely available in most clinics. Minimal referral, short wait times, and simple preparation or follow-up.
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ Trivial to Access: Easily found in pharmacies or clinics. No referral needed, minimal wait, and straightforward access.
 
Cost
How much in USD does it approximately cost for a patient to see the benefits of this treatment.
  1. ⬤ Up to $100
  2. ⬤⬤ Up to $500
  3. ⬤⬤⬤ Up to $2000
  4. ⬤⬤⬤⬤ Up to $10,000
  5. ⬤⬤⬤⬤⬤ More than $10,000
 

Method to access

  • Requires consultation with a medical professional to assess eligibility.
  • Prescription is mandatory in most regions.
  • Clinics specializing in medical cannabis are available in countries like the UK, Canada, and Australia.
  • Online consultations may be available in some regions.

Cost

  • Consultation fees range from $59 to $200 depending on the clinic and region.
  • Medicinal cannabis products can cost $100–$500 per month.
  • Costs vary widely based on dosage, product type, and geographic location.

Insurance cover

  • Insurance coverage for cannabis-based treatments is limited and varies by region.
  • In Canada, cannabis is federally illegal, making insurance coverage unlikely.
  • In the UK, medical cannabis is legal but rarely covered by insurance.
  • Patients should consult their insurance providers for specific coverage details.

Locations

  • Mamedica (UK): Offers tailored treatments for Long Covid.
  • Cannabis Clinic (New Zealand): Provides consultations and prescriptions.
  • Apollo Cannabis Clinics (Canada): Specializes in medical cannabis.
  • Santé Cannabis (Canada): Known for clinical research and patient care.
  • Ananda Clinics (Australia): Focuses on plant-based medicine.

Related clinical trials

Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of a Proprietary Full Hemp Flower Formulation for Long COVID
Clinical trial
United States

Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of a Proprietary Full Hemp Flower Formulation for Long COVID

Bateman Horne Center
Learn more

Frequently asked questions

Cannabis may help manage symptoms like pain, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, but its effectiveness varies among individuals.
Cannabis is available as oils, edibles, tinctures, and inhalable products. Each form has different onset times and durations of effect.
Long-term use of cannabis is possible but should be monitored by a healthcare provider to avoid dependency or adverse effects.
Cannabis may cause mild side effects like dizziness or dry mouth. Some individuals might feel drowsy, especially with THC-containing products. These effects are generally temporary and dose-dependent.

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